Black pepper (Piper Nigrum)
Black pepper (Piper nigrum) is a flowering vine in the family Piperaceae, cultivated for its fruit (the peppercorn), which is usually dried and used as a spice and seasoning. The fruit is a drupe (stonefruit) which is about 5 mm (0.20 in) in diameter (fresh and fully mature), dark red, and contains a stone which encloses a single pepper seed.
Peppercorns and the ground pepper derived from them may be described simply as pepper, or more precisely as black pepper (cooked and dried unripe fruit), green pepper (dried unripe fruit), or white pepper (ripe fruit seeds).
Clove (Syzygium aromaticum)
Cloves (Syzygium aromaticum) are aromatic dried flower buds from the Myrtaceae tree family. Cloves are native to Indonesia, widely used as a spice in spicy dishes in European countries, and as the main ingredient in Indonesian kretek cigarettes.
Cloves are grown mainly in Indonesia and Madagascar; Apart from that, it is also cultivated in Zanzibar, India and Sri Lanka. Cloves generally have varying harvest seasons in the producing countries. his plant is the identity flora of North Maluku Province.
Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans)
Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) is a tree plant originating from the Banda Islands, Maluku. Due to their high value as spices, fruit and nutmeg have been important trade commodities since Roman times.
This plant is dioecious (dioecious) so it is known as male and female trees. The leaves are slender elliptical in shape. The fruit is oval-shaped like a lemon, yellow, fleshy and has a distinctive aroma because it contains essential oils in the flesh.
Vanilla (Vanilla planifolia)
Vanilla (Vanilla planifolia) is a plant that produces vanilla powder which is usually used as a food fragrance. This powder is produced from the pod-shaped fruit.
Tanaman vanili dikenal pertama kali oleh orang-orang Indian di Meksiko, negara asal tanaman tersebut. Nama daerah dari vanili adalah Panili atau Perneli. Vanili dapat bereproduksi dengan dua cara, yaitu reproduksi generatif dan vegetatif.
Vetiver Oil (Chrysopogon zizanioide)
Vetiver Oil (Chrysopogon zizanioides)is a type of grass that originates from Indonesia, Haiti, Réunion, and India. This plant can grow all year round, and has been known to many people for a long time as a source of fragrance. This plant belongs to the Poaceae family, and is in the same family as lemongrass or rice.
The dried roots are traditionally known as a perfume for storing clothes or important items, such as batik and keris. This fragrant aroma comes from the essential oils produced in the roots.
This plant is a minor trade commodity although its oil is widely used in the perfume industry.
Cinnamon (zeylanicum)
Cinnamon (zeylanicum) is a type of tree that produces spices. in the Biology dictionary, Cinnamomum zeylanicum is a type of spice produced from the dry inner skin, which is very aromatic, sweet and spicy. People used to use spices in sweet baked goods, hot wine and also used medicinally.
Cinnamon is one of the oldest food spices used by humans. This spice was used in Ancient Egypt around 5000 years ago, and is mentioned several times in the Old Testament books.
Cinnamon is also traditionally used as a supplement for various diseases, mixed with honey, for example for the treatment of arthritis, skin, heart disease and flatulence.
Patchouli Oil (Pogostemon cablin)
Patchouli Oil (Pogostemon cablin) is a species of flowering plant in the Lamiaceae family, commonly called the mint or deadnettle family. The plant grows as a bushy perennial herb, with erect stems reaching 75 centimeters (2.5 ft) in height and small, pale pink-white flowers.
It is native to the island region of Southeast Asia, including Sri Lanka, Indonesia, the Malay Peninsula, New Guinea and the Philippines. It is also found in many parts of North East India. Best known for its fragrant essential oil, it has many commercial uses and is now widely cultivated in tropical climates throughout the world, especially in Asia, Madagascar, South America, and the Caribbean. Indonesia currently produces more than 90% of global patchouli oil volume (~1,600 metric tons).
Clove Leaf Oil (syzygium aromaticum)
Clove Leaf Oil (syzygium aromaticum) is essential oil produced from distilling parts of the clove plant, especially clove leaves and flowers. All parts of the clove plant contain oil, but the flowers contain the most oil. Because clove leaves and twigs also produce oil, both of which also provide side income for clove farmers who harvest clove flowers for cigarettes. They simply collect fallen leaves and twigs around the tree and carry out simple distillation to obtain crude clove oil.
